Reference range
Conventional%
45.6
SImmol/mol
2038
| Specimen | Whole blood (EDTA) |
|---|---|
| Conventional range | 4–5.6 % |
| SI range | 20–38 mmol/mol |
| Panel | Glucose & Diabetes |
All tests · Glucose & Diabetes
Glucose & Diabetes
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
Normal range 4–5.6 % (20–38 mmol/mol SI). Specimen: Whole blood (EDTA).
Also known as: glycated hemoglobin, A1c, glycosylated hemoglobin.
4–5.6 %Reference range
What is the normal range for Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)?
The standard teaching reference range for Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is 4–5.6 % in conventional units, or 20–38 mmol/mol in SI units. This value is measured in whole blood (edta).
Source: Adult reference values compiled from Pagana & Pagana, Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference, and Fischbach & Dunning, A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests. Reference ranges vary by laboratory, method, age, sex, and population — always use the range printed on the actual result.
Above the range
Common causes of a high Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- Diabetes (poor long-term control)
- Iron-deficiency anemia (falsely high)
Below the range
Common causes of a low Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- Hemolysis or recent blood loss
- Hemoglobinopathies
- Pregnancy
At the bedside
Nursing considerations
- Reflects average glucose over ~2–3 months; ≥ 6.5% supports diabetes.
- Most diabetes treatment goals target < 7%.
- Unreliable with hemoglobinopathies or altered red-cell survival.
Study aid
Your notes on Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
Same panel