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Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

Normal range 12–17.5 g/dL (120–175 g/L SI). Specimen: Whole blood (EDTA).

Also known as: Hb, hgb.

12–17.5 g/dLCritical: read below

Reference range

Conventionalg/dL
1217.5
SIg/L
120175
SpecimenWhole blood (EDTA)
Conventional range12–17.5 g/dL
SI range120–175 g/L
Conversion factor×10 (conventional → SI)
Critical value< 7.0 g/dL (70 g/L) usually prompts transfusion consideration; > 20 g/dL
PanelComplete Blood Count (CBC)

Convert any Hemoglobin (Hgb) result between units on the unit converter.

What is the normal range for Hemoglobin (Hgb)?

The standard teaching reference range for Hemoglobin (Hgb) is 12–17.5 g/dL in conventional units, or 120–175 g/L in SI units. This value is measured in whole blood (edta).

A commonly taught critical (panic) value is < 7.0 g/dL (70 g/L) usually prompts transfusion consideration; > 20 g/dL. Critical results are reported to the provider immediately under your facility's policy.

Source: Adult reference values compiled from Pagana & Pagana, Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference, and Fischbach & Dunning, A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests. Reference ranges vary by laboratory, method, age, sex, and population — always use the range printed on the actual result.

Above the range

Common causes of a high Hemoglobin (Hgb)

  • Polycythemia
  • Chronic hypoxia
  • Dehydration
  • High-altitude living

Below the range

Common causes of a low Hemoglobin (Hgb)

  • Iron-, B12-, or folate-deficiency anemia
  • Blood loss
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Hemolysis

At the bedside

Nursing considerations

  • Men ~13.5–17.5 g/dL, women ~12.0–16.0 g/dL.
  • Assess for fatigue, pallor, tachycardia, and dyspnea with low values.
  • A rapid drop matters more than the absolute number — watch for active bleeding.

Study aid

Your notes on Hemoglobin (Hgb)

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