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All tests · Liver Function (LFTs)

Liver Function (LFTs)

Bilirubin, Total

Normal range 0.3–1.2 mg/dL (5.1–20.5 µmol/L SI). Specimen: Serum.

Also known as: Tbili, total bilirubin.

0.3–1.2 mg/dLCritical: read below

Reference range

Conventionalmg/dL
0.31.2
SIµmol/L
5.120.5
SpecimenSerum
Conventional range0.3–1.2 mg/dL
SI range5.1–20.5 µmol/L
Conversion factor×17.1 (conventional → SI)
Critical value> 15 mg/dL in neonates (kernicterus risk)
PanelLiver Function (LFTs)

Convert any Bilirubin, Total result between units on the unit converter.

What is the normal range for Bilirubin, Total?

The standard teaching reference range for Bilirubin, Total is 0.3–1.2 mg/dL in conventional units, or 5.1–20.5 µmol/L in SI units. This value is measured in serum.

A commonly taught critical (panic) value is > 15 mg/dL in neonates (kernicterus risk). Critical results are reported to the provider immediately under your facility's policy.

Source: Adult reference values compiled from Pagana & Pagana, Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference, and Fischbach & Dunning, A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests. Reference ranges vary by laboratory, method, age, sex, and population — always use the range printed on the actual result.

Above the range

Common causes of a high Bilirubin, Total

  • Hemolysis (indirect)
  • Liver disease
  • Biliary obstruction (direct)
  • Gilbert syndrome

At the bedside

Nursing considerations

  • Jaundice becomes visible around 2–3 mg/dL.
  • Split into direct and indirect to localize the problem.

Study aid

Your notes on Bilirubin, Total

Same panel

More Liver Function (LFTs) tests

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)7–56 U/LAlbumin, Serum3.5–5 g/dLAlkaline Phosphatase (ALP)44–147 U/LAmmonia15–45 µg/dLAspartate Aminotransferase (AST)10–40 U/LBilirubin, Direct (Conjugated)0–0.3 mg/dL